Cosmology & psychology

According to India's ancient texts, around 3000 BCE sage Kapil founded both cosmology and psychology. He shed light on the Soul, the subtle elements of matter and creation. His main idea was that essential nature (prakrti) comes from the eternal (purusha) to develop all of creation. No deeper a view of the cosmos has ever been developed. Further, his philosophy of Sankhya philosophy also covered the secret levels of the psyche, including mind, intellect and ego, and how they relate to the Soul or Atma.

Medicine (Ayurveda), Aviation

Around 800 BCE Sage Bharadwaj, was both the father of modern medicine, teaching Ayurveda, and also the developer of aviation technology. He wrote the Yantra Sarvasva, which covers astonishing discoveries in aviation and space sciences, and flying machines - well before Leonardo DaVinchi's time. Some of his flying machines were reported to fly around the earth, from the earth to other planets, and between universes. His designs and descriptions have left a huge impression on modern-day aviation engineers. He also discussed how to make these flying machines invisible by using sun and wind force. There are much more fascinating insights discovered by sage Bharadwaj.

Medicine, Surgery, paediatrics, gynaecology. anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, embryology, blood circulation

Around this era and through 400 BCE many great developments occurred. In the field of medicine (Ayurveda), sage Divodasa Dhanwantari developed the school of surgery; Rishi Kashyap developed the specialized fields of paediatrics and gynaecology. Lord Atreya, author of the one of the main Ayurvedic texts, the Charak Samhita, classified the principles of anatomy, physiology, pharmacology, embryology, blood circulation and more. He discussed how to heal thousands of diseases, many of which modern science still has no answer. Along with herbs, diet and lifestyle, Atreya showed a correlation between mind, body, spirit and ethics. He outlined a charter of ethics centuries before the Hippocratic oath.

Rhinoplasty, amputation, caesarean and cranial surgeries, anesthesia, antibiotic herbs

While Lord Atreya is recognized for his contribution to medicine, sage Sushrut is known as the "Father of surgery". Even modern science recognizes India as the first country to develop and use rhinoplasty (developed by Sushrut). He also practiced amputation, caesarean and cranial surgeries, and developed 125 surgical instruments including scalpels, lancets, and needles.

Lord Atreya - author of Charak Samhita. Circa 8th - 6th century BCE. Perhaps the most referred to Rishi/physician today The Charak Samhita was the first compilation of all aspects of ayurvedic medicine including diagnoses, cures, anatomy, embryology, pharmacology, and blood circulation (excluding surgery).

He wrote about causes and cures for diabetes, TB, and heart diseases. At that time, European medicine had no idea of these ideas. In fact, even today many of these disease causes and cures are still unknown to modern allopathic medicine.

Other unique quality of Ayurveda is that it uncovers and cures the root cause of illness, it is safe, gentle and inexpensive, it sees 6 stages of disease development (where modern medicine only sees the last two stages), it treats people in a personalized manner according to their dosha or constitution and not in any generic manner.

Further, Ayurveda being the science of 'life', Atrea was quick to emphasize, proper nutrition according to dosha, and perhaps above all else, that there was a mind/body/soul relationship and that the root cause of all diseases and the best medicine for all conditions is spiritual and ethical life.

Rishi Sushrut is known as the father of surgery & author of Sushrut Samhita. Circa 5 - 4th century BCE.
He is credited with performing the world's first rhinoplasty, using anesthesia and plastic surgery. He used surgical instruments - many of them look similar to instruments used today; and discussed more than 300 types of surgical operations. One of the Ayurvedic surgical practices being used today in India involves dipping sutures into antibiotic herbs so when sewed into the person, the scar heals quicker and prevent infection. The modern surgical world owes a great debt to this great surgical sage

Astonishing Scientific Achievements Of Ancient India!

Acharya Bharadwaj (800 BCE) was the pioneer of aviation technology and has written ‘Yantra Sarvasa’ which includes astonishing and outstanding discoveries. He at the time described three categories of flying machines that travel from one planet to another but also astonishingly from one universe to another. Space travel existed in the ancient Vedic times, something that science today has even barely broken the surface on.

Acharya Kapil (3000 BCE) was the father of cosmology. His research on primal matter and creation makes today's science look like an introductory course. The big bang theory? How about when he answers questions on the creation of the universe. Hindus were far ahead of their times. The proof exists in our sacred books.

Acharya Charak (600 BCE) was the father of Medicine. His renowned work ‘Charak Samhita’ which is considered the encyclopedia of Ayurveda today goes in depth about his principals, diagnoses and cures that still retain their potency and truth even after a couple of millennia. His research led to the facts of the Human anatomy, embryology, pharmacology, blood circulation and diseases like diabetes , tuberculosis, heart disease, etc. Charak Samhita describes medicinal qualities and functions of 100,000 herbal plants that today's science is still doing research on.

Acharya Kanad (600 BCE) was the founder of Atomic Theory. In his ‘Vaisheshik Darshan’ treatise he wrote "Every object of creation is made of atoms which in turn connect with each other to form molecules". This statement ushered in the Atomic Theory for the first time ever in the world, nearly 2500 years before John Dalton.

Rishi Nagarjuna (100 CE) The Master of Chemical Science. His vast research produced maiden discoveries and inventions in the faculties of Chemistry and Metallurgy. His textual masterprices like ‘Ras Ratnakar’, ‘Rashrudaya’ and ‘Rasendramangal’ are his contributions to Chemistry. Where medieval alchemists of England failed, Rishi Nagarjuna has discovered the alchemy of transmuting base metals into gold. His discoveries still impress and astonish scientists today.

Rishi Aryabhatt (476 CE) Master Astronomer and Mathematician. At the age of just 23 he wrote a text on astronomy and an unparalleled treatise on mathematics called ’Aryanbhatiyam’. He formulated the process of calculating the motion of planets and the time of eclipses. (100 years ago, the church had problems describing and accepting this as a scientific phenomenon). Aryabhatt was the first to claim that the earth was round, it rotates on its axis, orbits the sun and suspended in space – 1000 years ago before Copernicus published his heliocentric theory. Aryabhatt was the first to acknowledge the Pi to four decimal place (3.1416) and the sine table in trigonometry. Centuries later, in 825 CE, the Arab mathematician Ibna Musa credited the value of Pi to the Indians, "This value has been given by the Hindus". Above all Rishi Aryabhatt’s most spectacular contribution is the concept of zero without which modern computers technology would have been non-existent.

Rishi Varahamihir (499-587 CE) - Master Scientist, Astrologer and Astronomer. In his book ‘Panchsiddhant’, he notes that the moon and the planets are lustrous not because of their own light but due to sunlight. In the ‘Bruhad Samhita’ and ‘Bruhad Jatak’, he revealed his discoveries in the domains of geography, constellation science, botany and animal science.

Rishi Bhaskaracharya II (1114-1183) - Master of Algebra/Geometry/Astronomy. His works in Algebra, Arithmetic and Geometry catapulted him to fame and immortality. His renowned works are ‘Lilavani’ and ‘Bijaganita’ which are considered unparalleled. In his works ‘Surya Siddhant’, he makes a note on the force of gravity: "Objects fall on earth due to a force of attraction by the earth. Therefore the earth, the planets, constellations, moon and sun are held in orbit due to this attraction".

Bhaskaracharya was the first to discover gravity, 500 years before Isaac Newton.